Process Control Block: (हिंदी अनुवाद)

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 Process Control Block: (हिंदी अनुवाद)

PCB का मतलब है प्रोसेस कंट्रोल ब्लॉक। PCB वह क्षेत्र है जो मेमोरी में होता है जहाँ ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम उस प्रक्रिया के बारे में सभी जानकारी पा सकता है जिसे उसे जानना आवश्यक होता है, मतलब PCB सभी प्रक्रियाओं की जानकारी रखता है और सभी प्रक्रियाओं का ट्रैक रखता है। एक प्रोसेस कंट्रोल ब्लॉक या PCB एक डेटा संरचना (एक तालिका) है जो एक प्रक्रिया के बारे में जानकारी रखती है। हर प्रक्रिया/प्रोग्राम/टास्क जो चलता है उसे एक PCB की आवश्यकता होती है। जब कोई उपयोगकर्ता किसी विशेष प्रोग्राम को चलाने का अनुरोध करता है, तो ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम उस प्रोग्राम के लिए एक प्रोसेस कंट्रोल ब्लॉक तैयार करता है।

पीसीबी में विशिष्ट प्रक्रिया के बारे में महत्वपूर्ण जानकारी होती है, जिसमें शामिल हैं:

·         प्रक्रिया की वर्तमान स्थिति, यानी वह तैयार है, चल रही है, प्रतीक्षा कर रही है, या कुछ और।

·         प्रक्रिया की विशिष्ट पहचान ताकि यह पता चल सके कि कौन सी प्रक्रिया कौन सी है।

·         पैरेंट प्रक्रिया का पॉइंटर।

·         इसी तरह, चाइल्ड प्रक्रिया का पॉइंटर (यदि वह मौजूद है)।

·         प्रक्रिया की प्राथमिकता (सीपीयू शेड्यूलिंग जानकारी का एक भाग)।

·         प्रक्रियाओं की मेमोरी का पता लगाने के लिए पॉइंटर।

·         एक रजिस्टर सेव एरिया।

·         वह प्रोसेसर जिस पर यह चल रही है।

1)    प्रोसेस आईडी का प्रोसेस नंबर: प्रत्येक प्रोसेस को उसके प्रोसेस नंबर से पहचाना जाता है।

2)    प्राथमिकता: यह विभिन्न कार्यों की प्राथमिकता दर्शाती है।

 

3)    प्रोसेस स्थिति: प्रत्येक प्रोसेस नई, चल रही, निलंबित और समाप्त अवस्थाओं में से किसी में भी हो सकती है।

4)    प्रोग्राम काउंटर: यह इस प्रोसेस के लिए निष्पादित होने वाले अगले निर्देशों का पता दर्शाता है।

5)    रजिस्टर: इनमें एक्यूमुलेटर, सामान्य प्रयोजन रजिस्टर, इंडेक्स रजिस्टर आदि शामिल हैं। जब भी प्रोसेसर एक प्रोसेस से दूसरे प्रोसेस पर स्विच करता है, तो पुराने प्रोसेस की वर्तमान स्थिति की जानकारी प्रोग्राम काउंटर के साथ रजिस्टर में सहेजी जाती है, ताकि वर्तमान प्रोसेस को आगे जारी

6)    लेखांकन जानकारी: इसमें किसी प्रोसेस को निष्पादित करने में उपयोग किया गया वास्तविक CPU समय शामिल होता है।

7)    इनपुट और आउटपुट स्थिति जानकारी: इसमें इनपुट/आउटपुट अनुरोध, खुली फाइलों की सूची, प्रोसेस किए जाने वाले परिधीय उपकरणों के समूह की जानकारी शामिल होती है।

8)    प्रक्रिया निर्धारण विवरण: इसमें प्रक्रिया पते की प्राथमिकता, शेड्यूलिंग, कतारें और अन्य विवरण शामिल होते हैं।

पीसीबी एक निश्चित भंडार है जो ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम को किसी प्रक्रिया के बारे में महत्वपूर्ण जानकारी प्राप्त करने में सक्षम बनाता है। इस प्रकार, पीसीबी वह डेटा संरचना है जो ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम के लिए किसी प्रक्रिया को परिभाषित करती है।





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